Maeshall b



(No Model.)

M. B. STAFFORD.

MEANS OP VENTILATION.

PATENT y rrrcn.

MARSHALL B. STAFFORD, OF NEV YORK, N. Y.

MEANS OFVENTILATION.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 297,189, dated April22, 1884.

Application filed May 3, 1883. (No model.)

To all whom, t may concern.-

Be it known that I, MARsnALL B. STAFFORD, a citizen of the UnitedStates, residing at New York, in the county of New York and State of NewYork, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in the Means ofVentilation and I do hereby declare the fol-lowing to be a full, clear,and exact description ofthe invention, such as will enable othersskilled in the art to which it appertains to malle and use the same.

The invention relates to an improved means for Ventilating buildings andfor equalizing and regulating the temperature thereof. It is based uponthe theory that foul air is heavier than pure air, and consequentlyfalls to the floor, and that from its nature it can only be removed bypositive means, it having no tendency to 'pass oft in a current unlessimpelled so to do by means other than the mere admission of fresh air.According to this theory, the pure air will be in the upper portion ofthe apartment, where it will not be available to the occupants unlessthe foul air is removed and it is brought down to lill the vacuumthereby created. According to my invention this result is attained, andfresh air is,

admitted above and in proportion Vto the volume of air thus lowered. Bythis method of ventilation the air is not only kept pure, but

the temperature of the apartment is equalized and regulated.

The purposes of my invention arc accomplished by means of a series ofpipes passing through the building and connecting with the lower part ofeach apartment thereof, a suction-blower being provided in the cellar toeX- tract the foul air, and by means of fresh-air lues extending intothe building from the roof, and.having inlets at the upper portion ofthe separate apartments, said inlets being supplied with valves whichare actuated by the extraction of the foul air to admit an adequatesupply of fresh air.

The invention is especially valuable in the winter season, since by itthe heated air is gradually lowered, and is not removed until it hasbecome impure, and the fresh air is tempered before it can be inhaled bythe occupants of the building.

The exact nature and operation oftheinveir tion will be readilyunderstood from the description hereinafter presented, reference beinghad to Figure l of the drawings, which represents a sectional vie-willustrating my system of ventilation in connection with a building.Fig. 2 is an enlarged View showing the inletvalve.

A denotes the 'lues for the fresh air, which have openings at the upperpart of the building, and are connected with the rooms B at their upperportions by the inlets O.

In the inlets C are provided the flap-valves a, which -are hung loosely,so as to be capable of being easily swung on their supports bythemovement of the air, as hereinbefore described.

In the lower part of the building is placed a suction-blower, D,connecting with the vertical pipe E, from the upper end of which eX-tend the branch pipes F G, passing to the upper iioor of the building.

From the vertical pipes F G proj ect branch pipes H, which pass beneaththe iloors and have openings I, provided with registers J. The branchpipes H are connected by the usual elbows, &c., with the vertical pipesF G, so that one or morepipes extending through the building will besuiiicient to receive the foul air drawn from all of the rooms.

By the employment of the registers J, any one or more of the rooms maybe disconnected from the Ventilating apparatus and the full force of thesuction-blower D utilized in purifying the atmosphere of the remainingrooms.

It will appear obvious that when the blower D is set in operation thefoul air willbe drawn from the rooms through the pipes F G and branchpipes I-I, and that fresh air will be admitted through the inlets Btosupply the place of the extracted air. If the quantity of air drawnfrom the room is large, the vacuum thus created will operate to open thevalve a a proper distance to ad mit a corresponding supply of air, andwhen the air extracted by the suction blower is small the opening of thevalve c will be correspondingly slight and a proportionate quantity offresh air will be admitted. It will be seen, therefore, that I amenabled in-my system of ventilation to provide a regular and constantsupply of fresh air by means which are actuated according to the amountof foul air extracted.

It will appear plain that by drawing the foul air from the lower part ofthe room the warm pure air at the upper part will gradually lower, andthat the temperature of the room will thus be rendered uniformthroughout, and the best results from the heating medium will berealized.

What claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

An improved means for Ventilating buildings and equalizing thetemperature therein, which consists of the fresh-air flue A, leadingfrom the roof and connected with the upper part of the apartments byfines C, having automatically operating valves a a', suctionblower D, afoul-air pipe which extends upward through the building, and whose lowerend connects with the suction-blower, and a 2o series of branch pipes,H, which lead from the foul-air pipe to the lower part of the separateapartments, and are provided at their mouth with registers J,substantially as set forth.

In testimonywhereof I affix my signature in 25

